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January 2, 2024

Peru
The Organized Crime Threat to Latin American Democracies

Governments have learned to manage many threats, but they are failing to curb the growing power of organized crime.

Photo of Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori attending a trial as a witness in 2018

April 11, 2024

Israel
U.S. Aid to Israel in Four Charts

Israel has long been the leading recipient of U.S. foreign aid, including military support. That aid has come under heightened scrutiny amid Israel’s monthslong war to eliminate Hamas.

U.S. and Israeli army officers talk in front a Patriot missile defense system.

April 17, 2024

Iran
Iran’s Revolutionary Guards

Conceived as the principal defenders of the 1979 revolution, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps has evolved into an institution with vast political, economic, and military power.

Members of the Revolutionary Guards attend a parliamentary session in Tehran.

October 28, 2022

Wars and Conflict
Nonstate Warfare: The Military Methods of Guerillas, Warlords, and Militias

Teaching Notes for Toxic Politics, authored by CFR Senior Fellow Yanzhong Huang, discuss how China’s environmental crisis is undermining public health and becoming an Achilles heel in its reemergence as a global power.

Nonstate Warfare Teaching Notes Image

April 18, 2024

Palestinian Territories
What Is Hamas?

The Palestinian militant group struggled to govern the Gaza Strip before launching a surprise attack on Israel in 2023. Now facing Israel’s military campaign to destroy it, Hamas’s future is in doubt…

Gun-toting Hamas militants ride a vehicle amid a massive crowd of the group's supporters

April 17, 2024

Terrorism and Counterterrorism
Preventing U.S. Election Violence in 2024

Violence around U.S. elections in 2024 could not only destabilize American democracy but also embolden autocrats across the world. Jacob Ware recommends that political leaders take steps to shore up …

The U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021

April 11, 2022

Nigeria
Nigeria’s Deepening Security Crisis Exposes Growing Reliance on Nonstate Actors

A rare positive note as Nigeria spirals into a state of lawlessness is the unintended return to the front burner of longstanding issues around governance at the subnational level. Until now, such issues have bubbled under the surface, receiving fleeting attention only when the country’s perennial crisis threatens to boil over, only to subside as soon as a temporary fix is found. Penultimate week, after still unidentified assailants opened fire on an Abuja-Kaduna train, killing eight passengers and kidnapping tens of others for ransom, Kaduna State Governor Nasir El-Rufai, emerging from a private meeting with President Muhammadu Buhari, threatened to do whatever it takes to protect lives and property across the state, including “importing mercenaries from outside the country to do it.”

Nigerian police officer sitting down being interviewed wearing police outfit.